Hemorrhoids: everything you need to know about symptoms, treatment and prevention

What is hemorrhoids

All people have hemorrhoids, which are part of the normal circulatory system. They are found Hemorrhoids under the rectal mucosa and a layer of elastic tissue, so they are usually invisible.

As long as the blood flow in the vessels of the pelvis is normal, nothing happens. But if something interferes with the outflow of blood, it accumulates in the nodes, stretches them and makes them look like blue sacs. The elastic tissue that is supposed to support the intestinal wall gradually collapses and becomes thinner. Knots can be seen through it, they can bleed and become inflamed, move down. This is hemorrhoids. Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adult patients with acute and chronic hemorrhoids.

If changes occur in the nodes of the lower part of the intestine, it is internal hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids. If located under the skin of the anus - external. Sometimes a combined form occurs when two types of nodes increase.

Hemorrhoids are very common Definition & Facts of Hemorrhoids among both men and women. According to statistics, three out of four people will sooner or later develop symptoms of the disease.

Why does hemorrhoids occur?

Changes in the rectal wall can occur for various reasons Hemorrhoids:

Chronic constipation. Feces compress the veins of the rectum and interfere with the outflow of blood.
The need to push. At the same time, intra-abdominal pressure increases and blood flow in the small pelvis decreases.
Excess weight and weight lifting. They also increase pressure in the abdomen.
The habit of sitting on the toilet for a long time. For example, when reading or playing mobile games. The muscles in the perineum relax and blood flow slows down.
Pregnancy and childbirth. A woman has a simultaneous increase in intra-abdominal pressure and worsening blood flow in the pelvis.
Low fiber diet. It can lead to chronic constipation.
Loose stools. It irritates the rectum and dramatically increases the pressure in it.
Elderly age. The intestinal tissue wears out and there is a tendency to constipation.

Does anal sex lead to hemorrhoids?

Yes, but only if the person is already at risk. For example, he works a lot while sitting and suffers from constipation. This is the opinion of the Hemorrhoids by most researchers.

What are the symptoms of hemorrhoids

The symptoms of Hemorrhoids depend on the type of disease.

External hemorrhoids

Itching and irritation in the anal area is the first sign of external hemorrhoids. Then swelling and bleeding may appear, the node - or even somewhat - enlarges and begins to bulge.

Internal hemorrhoids

In this case, the nodes remain invisible for a long time. And then the pain of Hemorrhoids appears during bowel movements, often blood flows out in a stream or leaves small scarlet marks on toilet paper.

Without treatment for internal hemorrhoids, the nodes become larger and begin to fall out. First, they themselves are pulled inward if you tighten your pelvic muscles. Then they stop, but some people manage to fill them with their hands. In advanced cases, the dropped nodes remain hanging outside.

If the itching has disappeared and there is no bleeding, is the disease gone?

No. The disappearance of the symptoms of hemorrhoids does not mean that the nodes have returned to their normal size. If there is an error in nutrition, after constipation, during pregnancy, discomfort may return. Hemorrhoids. It is only the doctor who can say for sure whether the hemorrhoids were defeated after examination.

Is it possible not to treat hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids start gradually, so many try to ignore the problem and postpone treatment.

Each aggravation increases the size of the node or nodes more and more. So, at an early stage, the proctologist will be able to offer an inexpensive, fast and painless method of treatment. And a person with an advanced form will have a difficult operation under anesthesia, after which it will take a long time to recover.

In addition, hemorrhoids have complications:

Chronic anemia due to repeated bleeding.
Pinching the knot if it falls out, and the anus squeezes it. This will cause severe pain and poor circulation.
Acute thrombosis. A blood clot forms in the node, which also disrupts blood flow.

But what if hemorrhoids appear during pregnancy?

I need to tell the doctor about this. He will prescribe Obstetrics candles, ointment or Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: Sitz bath vs. ano-rectal cream: A comparative prospective study of two conservative treatment protocols and will suggest waiting. Hemorrhoids are not operated on for pregnant women. After giving birth, the pressure on the pelvic veins will go away, the constipation will disappear, so there is a chance that the symptoms will go away.

When you need to see a doctor urgently

You need to call an ambulance if the following symptoms appear:

sharp pain around the anus;
redness and swelling;
the knot has become very hard.

This is how acute thrombosis of the hemorrhoid manifests itself. If it is left untreated, hemorrhoids will begin severe inflammation, a part of the rectum will become dead, and the infection will penetrate into the surrounding tissues. Sometimes this condition leads to blood poisoning.

How to Ease the Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

Early on, your doctor will likely recommend simple methods to help relieve your hemorrhoid symptoms. It is unlikely that you will be able to return the nodes to their original size. But the person will have time to prepare for more serious treatment.

Diet

Hemorrhoids cause chronic constipation when a person empties every 3 days or less. Hard feces injure the mucous membrane, make you push hard in the toilet. Therefore, it is important to make the intestines work normally in order to go to the toilet 1-2 times. Chronic constipation: ideas, pathogenesis, diagnostics, new treatment options per day.

Proctologists recommend Hemorrhoids for hemorrhoids to eat more vegetables and fruits with coarse fiber or to use special Hemorrhoids supplements with it. The latter should be introduced into the diet gradually and do not forget to drink 8-10 glasses of water.

Baths

They should be done daily for 10-15 minutes for a week. In a small basin you need to pour Hemorrhoids with ordinary warm water or a decoction of medicinal plants. For example, take 1 tablespoon of chamomile or calendula flowers, brew them with a glass of boiling water, and dilute the resulting infusion in 3-4 liters of warm water. Medicinal herbs help Chamomillae recutitae flores to reduce swelling and inflammation around the nodes.

Symptomatic drugs

The doctor may prescribe medications that will relieve the symptoms of hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids. The following types of drugs are effective:

Pain relievers. A group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is usually used.
Phlebotonics for haemorrhoids. They help improve venous tone and blood flow.
Hemostatic. Needed to stop minor bleeding.

Laxatives

If diet does not help relieve constipation, your doctor may prescribe laxatives. They soften the stool and speed up their excretion. Usually the drugs are taken for 1-2 days. If taken longer, the intestines become accustomed. Chronic constipation syndrome in patients who abuse irritating laxatives work only with constant stimulation, and the body loses many vitamins, minerals and nutrients.

Candles and ointment

Medicines in the form of suppositories or ointments help quickly get rid of the symptoms of hemorrhoids. They may include pain relievers, hormones, hemostatic components. Therefore, after the first use, pain, itching go away, and going to the toilet is facilitated.

And candles don't help me. Why?

It must be remembered that suppositories remove the Necessary and unnecessary treatment options for hemorrhoids from the symptoms of hemorrhoids, but do not affect the node itself. He stops hurting, does not bleed, but with improper diet, constipation or during pregnancy, he will again remind of himself.

How to get rid of hemorrhoids forever

There are many methods in modern surgery that help remove hemorrhoids. True, there is still no guarantee that the disease will not return. According to statistics, relapses within 5 years occur Stapled hemorrhoidopexy versus Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy in circumferential third-degree hemorrhoids: long-term results of a randomized controlled trial in an average of 20% of patients. And that's why.

Hemorrhoids form a whole network in the rectum. If you look at the anal area as a proctologist and compare it with a dial, then most often the large nodes are located by Hemorrhoids at 3, 7 and 11 o'clock. You can remove them in one place, but still there will be two more lesions.

Why can't you delete all nodes at once?

Because without them in the rectum Hemorrhoids will not have normal blood circulation.

After the examination, the proctologist will determine the degree of hemorrhoids and offer a treatment option. In mild cases, minimally invasive methods can be dispensed with, and with an advanced disease, a full-fledged operation will be required.

Minimally invasive interventions

This type of treatment is called office surgery. A person does not need to go to the hospital, he spends several hours going to the doctor, and after that he can immediately go about his business.

There are several types of minimally invasive Hemorrhoids:

Sclerotherapy … This is one of the fastest and cheapest ways of Polidocanol Foam Injected at High Doses with Intravenous Needle: The (Almost) Perfect Treatment of Symptomatic Internal Hemorrhoids to get rid of hemorrhoids. A medicine will be injected into the knot, which will glue its walls.
Coagulation … The doctor may use infrared light, laser, or radio frequency techniques to glue the walls of the site together. This stops bleeding and does not cause adverse reactions. The cost of each of the coagulation methods is different.
Latex ring ligation … An inexpensive and simple method. With the help of a special device, the proctologist puts an elastic latex ring on the base of the knot. It tightly squeezes hemorrhoids, disrupts blood flow. After 7 days, the knot falls off, but occasionally after that, bleeding may begin.
Desarterization of the node … With the help of an ultrasound, the doctor finds an artery through which blood flows to the hemorrhoids. The vessel is tied up, the knot decreases and falls off after a few days.

Is it painful to treat hemorrhoids without anesthesia?

Usually not. For minimally invasive interventions, an injection of anesthetic is not given. But the doctor inserts surgical instruments into the rectum, so there will be little discomfort.

Operations

Surgical operation is needed if other methods have not helped or the hemorrhoids have passed into a severe stage. Most often, proctologists use Hemorrhoids in two ways:

Hemorrhoidectomy The ligasure technique is superior in terms of patient tolerance, but long term risk of recurrence of hemorrhoids needs to be evaluated. … Under anesthesia or spinal anesthesia, the doctor gently removes the knot and excess tissue. This method is most effective if all else fails. After the operation, the anus hurts for a long time, there is a risk of bleeding or inflammation. If spinal anesthesia has been used, urinary problems may occur.
Hemorrhoidopexy … This is a method of stitching knots, which is used for internal hemorrhoids. The doctor uses special metal staples or thread to block the blood flow to the node. There is less pain after surgery than with hemorrhoidectomy, but higher Conventional surgical hemorrhoidectomy results in fewer recurrences than stapled hemorrhoidopexy. the chance of a quick return of the disease and the development of complications in the form of intestinal prolapse.

How do they go to the toilet after the operation?

Usually the patients are in pain. Therefore, doctors prescribe pain relievers and laxatives, and carefully monitor the diet to avoid constipation.

How not to get sick with hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are directly related to lifestyle and diet. To avoid getting sick, follow the simple recommendations of Hemorrhoids:

Eat a balanced diet. Eat fruits and vegetables daily, especially high-fiber foods, beets, carrots, peaches, pears and apples, and whole grain breads. Reduce the amount of sweet and starchy foods, meat Eating, Diet, & Nutrition for Hemorrhoids food and alcohol.
Empty properly Hemorrhoids: Prevention. Do not endure for a long time if you want to use the toilet, but also do not sit on the toilet with a book or phone.
Exercise. Exercise will help keep your muscles toned and control your weight.
Don't sit for long. If you are sitting all the time, try to get up occasionally and do some simple exercises.