How to apply for a tax deduction and return 13% of the purchase price

2024 Author: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:44

Have you paid your taxes? Return them back to the state! For what and how you can apply for a tax deduction, we will tell you in detail in the article. There is time for everything about everything until April 30th.

A significant part of our readers (like me, by the way) pays taxes. However, this amount can be reduced. There is a tax deduction for this. What is it? When registering such a deduction, the state reduces the amount from which taxes are paid. It is also called the return of a certain part of the previously paid personal income tax (personal income tax) when buying real estate, medical treatment or training costs.

Who can get a tax deduction

Only a Russian citizen who is a tax resident (a person who pays that same 13% of income). Individual entrepreneurs who work in a special tax regime and do not have income taxed at a rate of 13% cannot receive a deduction.

What is the tax deduction

According to the Tax Code, there are several types of deductions:

1. Standard.
2. Social.
3. Property.
4. Professional.
5. A deduction related to the carry forward of losses from transactions related to securities and transactions with financial instruments of futures transactions that are traded in an organized market.
6. Deductions related to the carry forward of all losses related to participation in an investment partnership.

The most important deduction is property. Let's start with him.

Property deduction can be obtained when purchasing any property. How does it work? You buy, say, an apartment, and then the state returns you 13% of the amount spent, since you paid it income tax. For example, if 200,000 rubles of income tax was paid for the year, then the tax deduction for the purchase of an apartment, which you can get for the year, will not exceed 200,000 rubles. If the tax deduction exceeds this amount, the remaining money can be received as early as next year.

The maximum amount of property deduction is 2 million rubles per person for the real estate itself (that is, 13% of this amount can be returned) and 3 million rubles for using a mortgage loan. So you can get your money back from several properties (applies only to purchases made since 2014). Interest tax deduction is provided for one apartment only. This deduction also applies when paying for repairs.

You can also get a refund for other purchases. But in this case, the total amount of deductions cannot exceed 120 thousand rubles. Moreover, this is not a refundable amount, but the amount from which 13% is debited. (This limit does not include tuition fees and expensive treatment.) All these payments can be returned after the tax period, only expenses for the expired tax period are taken into account.

1. Standard deduction (article 218 of the Tax Code, the maximum refundable amounts are indicated):

• 500 rubles per month for citizens who have various state awards and / or special status, for example, Hero of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Soviet Union, and so on.
• 1,400 rubles per month for each child, if the parent's income is up to 280,000 rubles.
• 3,000 rubles a month - for the third and subsequent children.
• 3,000 rubles per month is a tax deduction for a disabled minor child or for a disabled child of the first or second group until he reaches the age of 24, if he is a full-time student, graduate student, resident, intern, student, and so on.
• 3,000 rubles a month is a tax deduction for citizens who have suffered radiation sickness or other diseases as a result of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, for disabled people of the Second World War and other categories of beneficiaries.

2. The social tax deduction is claimed by persons whose expenses are related to the following areas:

• Charity - in the amount sent by an individual for charitable purposes in the form of financial assistance during the year. Cannot exceed 25% of the amount of income received in the reporting year.
• Education - in the amount that was paid in the tax period for education (own, children under 24 years old, wards or wards under 18 years old and former wards under the age of 24 years). In this case, the amount of tax deduction for the costs of educating children is 50,000 rubles per year; for their education - no more than 120,000 rubles per year in conjunction with other social expenses of the taxpayer, in particular with payment for treatment, pension insurance contributions, and so on, with the exception of payment for expensive treatment.
• Treatment and / or purchase of medicines - in the amount that was paid in the tax period for medical services provided by medical organizations or individual entrepreneurs engaged in medical activities, to the taxpayer himself, his parents, children, spouse. A taxpayer can receive a tax deduction for all the costs of expensive drugs and treatment.
• Accumulative part of labor pension - in the amount that was paid by the taxpayer during the tax period in the form of additional insurance contributions for the funded part of the labor pension. If the additional contributions were paid by the employer, then the deduction is not provided.
• Non-state pension provision - in the amount of pension contributions paid by the taxpayer in the tax period under an agreement with the pension authority. Unlike the previous case, the deduction can be granted if the employer paid, but subject to contacting him. The maximum amount of contributions from which the deduction will be calculated is 120,000 rubles.

Required documents

1. To register a tax deduction for education you must fill out a 3-NDFL declaration and submit it to the tax office at the place of registration. The following documents are attached to the declaration:

• 2-NDFL certificate;
• an application for a tax refund, which contains the account details for transferring funds;
• an agreement with an educational institution;
• an educational institution license for the provision of educational services;
• all payment documents, according to which the tuition fees were paid.

2. In order to issue a tax deduction for treatment, along with the 3-NDFL declaration submitted to the tax office, you must provide the following documents:

• tax refund application;
• certificate from work in the form of 2-NDFL.

In addition, to return funds spent on treatment, you will need to attach:

• certificate of payment for medical services;
• documents confirming the amount of expenses incurred by you;
• agreement with a medical organization;
• a license of a medical organization for the right to carry out medical activities.

When refunding drug costs, you will need:

• a recipe issued in a special order;
• payment document.

You can also apply for a tax deduction to pay for voluntary health insurance, for this you need to provide more:

• policy or contract with an insurance company;
• insurance company license;
• payment documents.

3. For registration of a deduction when buying a home to the declaration in the form 3-NDFL must be attached:

• 2-NDFL certificate;
• tax refund application;
• the contract for the purchase and sale of housing;
• an agreement for participation in the shared construction of a residential building;
• acceptance certificate;
• certificate of ownership;
• payment documents.

For mortgage purchases, you need to add to the previous documents:

• loan agreement;
• certificate of interest paid.

After all the documents are attached to the declaration in the form of 3-NDFL, the Federal Tax Service considers all papers and makes a decision on granting or refusing to provide a tax deduction.

Terms of registration

According to article 229 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, a tax return in the form of 3-NDFL is submitted until April 30 of the year following the reporting year (for expenses in which it is supposed to be refunded). This does not apply to receiving social, property and standard tax deductions, but with a limitation: you can apply for a refund for no more than three tax periods.

Terms of receipt

The tax office has three months to check the declaration, after which the refund is made within a month.

You can do otherwise and provide the employer with a statement and notification from the tax office about the right to receive a tax deduction. Upon receipt of these documents, the employer will withhold the reduced tax, taking into account the tax deduction. In this case, the period for refunding the tax deduction is postponed from the next calendar year to the period for submitting documents. And you will have to go to the tax office twice: first to submit documents to receive a notification, then to receive a notification.