2024 Author: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:44
We found out which professions may disappear in the near future, what to do to remain in demand as a specialist, and asked experts how the labor market is changing under the influence of information technology and automation.
How and why the labor market is changing
In the study "" on the labor market, which was conducted by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives and the Moscow School of Management "Skolkovo" in 2014, it is noted that the labor market is greatly influenced by the development of information technology, automation and the development of the middle class. This changes existing professions and creates new specialties.
We asked experts how seriously these trends affect the development of the labor market in Russia.
Timur Khairullin General Director of the ETHR company, which is engaged in recruiting personnel for IT companies. It was a wonderful profession - a cashier-ticket collector. You came to the train station, figured out the time so as not to stand in line. And now most of the transport tickets are bought online. Troika cards and tickets for Aeroexpress appeared. In just a few years, the landscape has changed before my eyes. Therefore, Russia is even very susceptible to these trends.
Dmitry Zhuravlev General Director of HumanFactorLabs, a company that integrates customer data and SaaS services Programs and services are available instantly at the time of release, and different types of robots and drones are available around the planet in a year after release. Automation best practices are spread overnight. In terms of access to these resources, Russian companies are no different from world ones.
The only serious obstacle to automation in Russia is the low cost of labor. But its low quality becomes a serious incentive for automation. We ourselves develop and successfully implement software that corrects errors in client data and searches for duplicates. People can do this too, but skilled workers do not want to do this, and unskilled workers make many mistakes.
The development of information technology has already changed the labor market and will continue to influence it only more strongly.
What professions can disappear or be greatly transformed
The compilers of the Atlas have identified professions that may disappear by 2020. According to them, the process of "withering away" occurs gradually: first it starts in advanced and innovative companies, then it reaches the main group of enterprises and finally gets to technologically backward and remote industries.
| Estimator | Travel agent | Document expert |
| Stenographer | Lecturer | Tester |
| Copywriter | Librarian | Any-key specialist |
»
Artificial intelligence will soon learn to independently write articles on a given topic and make transcripts. Internet services will replace people and their competencies. For example, online services allow you to independently draw up a travel plan, choose air tickets and a hotel. Services of accounting and tax reporting, portals with legal information are being developed.
Digitization of library funds and electronic document management will allow you to get access to the necessary books and documents very quickly. The role of the specialist as an intermediary between data and users is lost.
Automation and information technology can replace a person in routine operations that are easily algorithmized and controlled by a program. The program works faster with large amounts of data, which is relevant in many professions.
Blue collars are also worth worrying about. In part, robots are already replacing workers with heavy physical labor, and a person is increasingly assigned the role of a controller over machines.
As you can see, almost all professional areas are influenced by scientific and technological progress. But is it necessary to give up everything right now and start mastering a new specialty? Experts agree that professions will not die on their own, but will change.
The potential of the “conventional” Internet has not yet been fully realized in Russia. Therefore, you should not dream of fantastic things like robots, chips - everything is much simpler. Professions by themselves will not go anywhere, they will simply respond to demand from society.
Timur Khairullin ETHR
There is a trend not towards the dying of professions, but towards their partial automation. There will be fewer representatives of these professions, they will have a narrow specialization, and their work will, on average, be paid higher. It is unlikely that anybody will need the "middle" in the professions.
Dmitry Zhuravlev HumanFactorLabs
Even if your profession is not at risk, it will certainly adapt to new realities, which will require new skills and abilities from you. Keep your nose downwind.
What professions appear now
Automation, information technology and the creation of robots not only threaten existing professions, but also create new ones. They need new competencies, which are often at the intersection of several professional fields. Here are just a few examples of new professions.
| Biotechnologist | Smart road builder | Cyber investigator |
| IT medic | Network Lawyer | Time manager |
| City farmer | IT preacher | Unmanned aircraft interface designer |
»
Fantastic? It turns out that there is already a demand for some specialists. In addition, the very concept of "profession" is changing, it becomes wider.
For example, a network lawyer is in demand right now. The Internet has its own laws, rules, rights and obligations, and classical law hardly applies to this. Therefore, in the near future, information security specialists will be in demand in the broadest sense of the word.
Timur Khairullin ETHR
Gradually, the very concept of a profession will change. This is not something that you choose once and for all. There will be a general skill of working with information using modern means: deep learning, machine learning.
Dmitry Zhuravlev HumanFactorLabs
What to do?
Think about related professions, develop skills that will be useful in any specialty today and tomorrow.
What are these skills?
The creators of the Atlas of New Professions identified a group of supra-professional skills that will be useful to modern specialists: knowledge of several languages, programming, teamwork, cross-industry communication, systems thinking, customer orientation, working in a mode of uncertainty, lean production, ecological thinking.
We have already written about subjects that should be introduced into the school curriculum. Development of presentation skills, basic programming, financial and legal literacy - this knowledge will be useful for both schoolchildren and professionals.
Pass retraining
Suppose you have already received an education, work in your specialty, and gain practical experience. But that won't stop you from learning something new. Keep track of how your industry is changing, what new methods and tools are emerging.
For students and those with experience, I advise you to follow your dream and do what you like, devoting as much time as possible to it. This is the guarantee that you will not find yourself on the sidelines.
Because the depth of useful experience is shrinking every year - what was ten years ago no longer interests anyone. It's easier to start with a clean slate than to figure out what is useful from this experience and what is outdated. In many professions, the depth of useful experience is not even ten years, but three years. Programming is a prime example.
Dmitry Zhuravlev HumanFactorLabs
Learn new things online
In the article on school subjects, we talked about three Russian educational sites. We also compile a selection of interesting online courses every month that will help you learn new skills for free or for little money.
Millennials know well what they want. And if necessary, they will go and learn. They were born with mobile phones in their hands and are well-versed in the new world. It is important for such people to get a fundamental education and the basics of the profession, and then calmly choose where to move on.
Timur Khairullin ETHR
New technologies really affect the labor market and create demand for previously unknown specialties. But this does not mean that the old, "classic" professions will die out. They adapt to new realities, respond to the needs of society and continue to exist in a different form.
However, in order not to find yourself a stranger in this new world, stay on top of the latest developments in your industry. Pump your skills, study related disciplines. And then you will combine many years of experience with the requirements of today.
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