When and how to pay property tax for individuals

2024 Author: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:44

Detailed instructions for property owners.

What is property tax for individuals and what to pay for it

If you have real estate, you are obliged to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Article 400, to transfer a little money to the state annually - for what gave you the right to own property. The following objects of the RF Tax Code Article 401 are taxed:

• houses, including residential buildings located on plots for truck farming, gardening and personal subsidiary farming;
• apartments, rooms;
• garages, parking spaces;
• single real estate complexes;
• construction in progress;
• other buildings, structures, structures, premises.

How is property tax calculated for individuals

If you do not want to deal with the nuances, the FTS website is available. With its help, you can quickly calculate the amount of tax. This information is useful if you are making a budget for the year or just want to know in advance how much you will have to pay. In general, the tax office considers everything itself and then simply informs you how much you owe.

The tax is calculated taking into account several criteria.

The tax base

This is the cadastral value of the property. It is determined by specialists authorized by the state, according to a special method. Unlike the inventory value, at which property tax was previously calculated, the cadastral value takes into account not only the cost of housing, but also important characteristics such as transport accessibility and infrastructure.

You can find out the cadastral value online at Rosreestr.

To do this, you need to know the cadastral number or address. The cadastral number is indicated in the certificate of ownership if you purchased real estate before July 15, 2016, or in the extract from the USRN, which you must keep after registering the transfer of ownership in Rosreestr.

You can also see the cadastral number and cadastral value in your personal account at the tax office.

The cadastral value may be recalculated from time to time. Therefore, to calculate the tax, the one that was in effect on January 1 of the year for which it is paid is used. If the property was acquired within a year, then the cadastral value is taken as of the date when information about the new owner was entered in the Unified State Register of Real Estate.

There is one more important point. The Tax Code introduces a series of tax deductions that can dramatically reduce the tax base. It is proposed to deduct either square meters from the area of the real estate - they will not be taxed, or a specific amount from the cadastral value. It:

• 10 meters for a room or part of an apartment;
• 20 meters for an apartment or part of a house;
• 50 meters for the whole house;
• 1 million, if we are talking about a single real estate complex, which has at least one residential building.

Let's say you are the owner of an apartment of 60 square meters with a cadastral value of 3 million rubles. With a tax deduction of 20 meters, you will have to pay tax only for the remaining 40 meters, that is, the tax base will be 2 million rubles, not 3.

If the owner has many children, then the tax base is reduced additionally. For each child, the cost of five square meters of a room or apartment and seven meters of a residential building or part of it is deducted from the tax base.

Tax rate

The Tax Code provides for the base rates of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation Article 406:

• 0, 1% for houses, including unfinished ones, apartments, rooms, single real estate complexes, if at least one object in them is intended for housing.
• 2% for property, the cadastral value of which exceeds 300 thousand rubles, as well as if it is included in a special list of real estate approved by local authorities. Usually there are various commercial and office buildings.
• 0.5% for other real estate.

The final rates are set by the local authorities. They can reduce the base numbers to zero or increase, but not more than threefold. They are also allowed to enter differentiated rates depending on the cadastral value, type of property and its location.

And therefore, for example, in Moscow, the Law of the City of Moscow dated November 19, 2014 No. 51 apartments, rooms of a house with a cadastral value of up to 10 million are taxed at 0.1%, from 10 to 20 million - 0.15%, from 20 to 50 million - 0.2%, from 50 to 300 million - 0.3%. For garages and parking lots, the tax will be 0.1%, and unfinished buildings will go at a rate of 0.3%.

You can find out the rates of your locality at the Federal Tax Service.

Accordingly, you can find out the amount of tax if you multiply the tax base by the tax rate.

Ownership share

Let's say you own an apartment in half with your spouse. Or ⅔ of the parental apartment is registered with you. In this case, it is for half or ⅔ that you must pay tax. Therefore, you need to calculate this part of the product of the tax base by the tax rate.

Taxable period

By default, tax is charged annually. But if you bought or, conversely, sold the property, you will have to pay only for the months that you owned it. Here's a simple formula:

Tax = Cadastral value × Tax rate / 12 × The number of months that you owned the property.

When and how to pay property tax for individuals

You need to transfer money to the tax office before December 1. By November 1, the FTS must send a general notice for land, transport and property taxes. The document comes by regular mail or in electronic form to your personal account on the tax website, if you have one.

You can pay money in several ways.

1. Through your personal account on the FTS website

Select the "Taxes" tab, open the notification, go to the "Pay" option.

2. Through the website of the Federal Tax Service

You can pay through this one without registration. Select the option "Individuals", then "Payment of taxes, insurance premiums".

You can pay tax according to the payer data, the document index (the service page also indicates where to look for it) or by full payment details.

3. Through a bank or "Russian Post"

Contact an institution employee with a notification.

4. Via an ATM or payment terminal

Select the required service, enter the amount and details.

Are there any property tax benefits for individuals

Some categories of citizens receive a 100% discount, that is, they do not have to pay tax at all. Their list is quite long, you can read it in full in the Tax Code of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Article 407. In particular, it contains:

• Heroes of the Soviet Union and Heroes of the Russian Federation, as well as persons awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees;
• invalids of the first and second groups, as well as invalids from childhood and disabled children;
• participants and veterans of various military operations, starting with the Civil War;
• pre-retirees and retirees.

If a citizen owns several real estate objects, the privilege applies only to one of them - at the choice of the taxpayer. At the same time, it is important that this property is not used in business.

There are also local benefits. They can be found in the same tax service where you checked your tax rates. They can also be as high as 100% or make up some part of the tax.

What happens if you do not pay land tax

For each day of delay, penalties are stipulated - 1/300 Article 75. Penalty of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation refinancing rates of the Central Bank. Now it is about 0, 014% of the tax debt.