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3 logic puzzles about a prince who is tired of being a bachelor
3 logic puzzles about a prince who is tired of being a bachelor
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The prince came to the wise king's daughter to woo. But the father just won't give her away, he will have to solve riddles.

3 logic puzzles about a prince who is tired of being a bachelor
3 logic puzzles about a prince who is tired of being a bachelor

The king of the medieval state decided to conduct several logical tests for the applicant for the hand and heart of his daughter. The groom is invited to appear three times before two doors, behind each of which there is either some kind of reward or a hungry dragon. The prince needs to stay alive, correctly identify the door and pick up the bonuses that are hidden behind it.

Challenge 1

So that the future spouses do not live in poverty, the prince needs to get money. Help him find the door, behind which there will be a chest with gold.

The signs on the doors read:

  1. In this room there is a chest with gold, and in another room there is a hungry dragon.
  2. One of these rooms contains a chest of gold; in addition, there is a hungry dragon in one of these rooms.

It is known that the truth is written on one plate, and a lie on the other. Which door should the prince choose?

The inscription on one of the tablets is true, and on the other is false. Let the first inscription be true. Then there is a chest in the first room, and a dragon in the second, and therefore the second inscription is also true. But according to the condition, one of the inscriptions must be false. So the first tablet is lying.

Let the second inscription be true. This means that there is indeed a chest in one of the rooms, and a dragon is sitting in the other. Since the first inscription is lying, it means that the dragon is in room 1, and the chest is in room 2. Therefore, the prince must choose the second room.

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Challenge 2

To protect the princess from all misfortunes, the prince needs a weapon. Help him find the door, behind which there will be a sword that strikes without missing.

The signs on the doors read:

  1. There is a sword in at least one of these rooms.
  2. The dragon is sitting in another room.

It is known that either both statements are true or both are false. Which door should the prince choose?

If inscription 2 is false, then the sword is in room 1. This means that the sword is present in at least one of the rooms, so the statement on tablet 1 is true. Therefore, it is impossible for two inscriptions to turn out to be false at once. This means that both statements are true.

Therefore, the dragon is in room 1 and the sword is in room 2. The prince needs to choose the second room.

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Challenge 3

The king is tired of the prince solving all his puzzles. So he took and changed the terms. Now they are as follows:

  • If there is a princess in room 1, then the statement on the plate is true, if the dragon is false.
  • If there is a princess in room 2, then the statement on the plate is false, if the dragon is true.

The signs on the doors read:

  1. There are princesses in both rooms.
  2. There are princesses in both rooms.

Help the prince find the door behind which the beloved will be. Why else was it all there?

If the inscription on the first door is correct, then it is also true on the second, since both tablets say the same thing. Suppose both inscriptions are true, then there should be princesses in both rooms. This will mean that there is a princess in room 2 as well. But from the condition it is known that if there is a princess in room 2, then the statement on the corresponding plate must be false.

This means that the inscriptions on both tablets cannot be true, they will be false. According to the condition, it turns out that a dragon sits in the first room, and a princess in the second. The groom needs to choose the second door.

The prince passed three trials with brilliance and received a chest of gold, a sword and a princess. Hooray!

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The riddles for this collection are taken from Raymond Smullian's book The Lady or the Tiger? And Other Logic Puzzles.

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