Where does rubella come from and how is it dangerous

Rubella vaccination in the Russian Federation is among the mandatory Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Health of Russia) of March 21, 2014 N 125n, Moscow "On the approval of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations and the calendar of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications." However, the risk of infection exists, for example, for people who have not been vaccinated, received only one dose of the vaccine, or if their post-vaccination immunity has decreased due to individual characteristics.

And the consequences can be the most disastrous.

What is rubella

It is an infectious disease accompanied by a reddish rash. The causative agent is an infectious, but harmless enough virus Rubella: Symptoms and Causes.

However, there is a category of people for whom it can be extremely dangerous.

To whom and how is rubella dangerous?

If a woman who does not have immunity encounters the virus in the first trimester of pregnancy, she has a 90% chance of transmitting the infection to her unborn child.

As a result, the baby will be born with the so-called congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). He is Gregg's triad. This disease will definitely hit the three most important systems of the body at once: cardiovascular, visual and auditory.

Children with CRS are more likely to suffer from hearing impairments, vision problems, heart defects, and other lifelong disabilities, including autism, diabetes mellitus, and thyroid dysfunction.

In 15% of cases of rubella in pregnant women, rubella leads to miscarriage, including in the later stages.

Therefore, if rubella is detected, doctors strongly recommend terminating the pregnancy. If a baby with CRS is born, it can spread the virus for a year or more after birth. That is, it becomes a threat to other people, and especially to other pregnant women and their unborn children.

How to protect yourself from rubella

The only really effective way is vaccination. In the Russian Federation, it is usually carried out as part of the CPC - a combined vaccination against measles, mumps, rubella.

Even a single dose is enough Rubella to provide long-term immunity against infection with a 95% probability.

Before the vaccine was developed, up to 4 out of 1,000 babies were born with CRS. Thanks to mass immunization, rubella and the Gregg triad have almost been eradicated. So, in the United States, where vaccinations have been massively done for several decades, less than 10 cases of rubella are diagnosed annually with Prevention of Measles, Rubella, Congenital Rubella Syndrome, and Mumps, 2013: Summary Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). The same applies to Russia INCIDENCE OF MEASLES AND REDNOYE IN RUSSIA IN 2017.

However, many people may not be aware of the disease and not get included in the statistics - simply because they did not pay attention to the symptoms and did not go to the doctor.

What are the symptoms of rubella

Often, the signs of rubella are so mild that they are difficult to see.

About 25-50% of people infected with rubella do not notice Rubella: Symptoms and no symptoms.

As we said above, the most striking and unpleasant manifestation of rubella in adults and children is a specific rash. However, it is almost invisible, it is confused with skin irritation or food allergies. Not too abundant pink spots first appear on the face and neck, then go down the body, last for 1-3 days and disappear in the same sequence as they appeared.

But 1-5 days before the rash occurs, if you listen to your well-being, you can find other symptoms. Here they are.

The temperature is over 37 ° C, which doesn't seem to have the slightest reason.
Headache.
Nasal congestion or runny nose.
Reddened as if sore eyes.
Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck - especially at the back and behind the ears.
Body aches and joint pain, although you do not seem to be physically overexerted.

What to do if you suspect rubella

Definitely go to a therapist. The doctor will ask you about your symptoms, lifestyle, examine you, and offer blood tests. They will allow you to confirm or deny a preliminary diagnosis.

If the virus is found, you will be prescribed treatment. Symptomatic, since there is no other for today Rubella: Treatment. Most often it comes down to the need to stay in bed, limit contact with people and, if unwell, relieve the condition with the help of over-the-counter pain relievers (for example, based on paracetamol).